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Introduction
By 2000, the PRC had undergone a glorious yet
tortuous course of 50 years, amid great changes in
Chinese society. Before the founding of New China
in 1949, China's highest yearly outputs of major
industrial and agricultural products were 445,000
tons of yarn, 2.79 billion meters of cloth, 61,880,000
tons of coal, 320,000 tons of crude oil, 6 billion kwh
of electric energy production, 150 million tons of
grain, and 849,000 tons of cotton. Since the founding
of New China, especially in the 21 years after the
start of the reform and opening to the outside world
in 1978, China has made great achievements in
economic construction and social development. In
1999, the GDP was 8,205.4 billion yuan, an increase
of 6.4 times over 1978, at constant prices; the
outputs of some major industrial and agricultural
products, such as grain, cotton, meat, edible oil, coal,
steel, cement, cloth and TV sets, leapt from a
backward position to first place in the world.
In accordance with Deng Xiaoping's theory of
building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the
13th National Congress of the CPC, held in 1987,
adopted the strategy of three stages for China's
economic construction: First, doubling the GNP of
1980 to end shortages of food and clothing, which
was basically completed at the end of the 1980s;
second, quadrupling the GNP of 1980 by the end of
the century, which was achieved in 1995, ahead of
schedule. Thus, the Chinese government worked out
the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and
Social Development and the Long-Term Objectives
for the Year 2010, which put forward new objectives:
Those for the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000)
were as follows: Complete the second phase of the
strategic plan for the modernization drive in an
all-round way and quadruple the per capita GNP of
1980 in 2000, when the population will have
increased by about 300 million over that of 1980;
raise the people's living standard to that of a fairly
comfortable life, with poverty practically eradicated;
and expedite the formulation of a modern enterprise
system and initially establish the basis of a socialist
market economy. Third, basically realizing
modernization in the mid 21st century, the GDP per
capita reaching the level of the moderately developed
countries, and people living a well-off life. The
objectives for the year 2010 are to double the GNP
of 2000 so that the people will enjoy even more
comfortable lives, and bring a more or less complete
socialist market economy into being. With the
fulfillment of these goals, China's productive forces,
overall national strength and the people's living
standards will have gone a big step further, and the
country's social and economic aspects will have
undergone historic changes, laying a solid foundation
for the realization of modernization.
By 2000, the PRC had undergone a glorious yet
tortuous course of 50 years, amid great changes in
Chinese society. Before the founding of New China
in 1949, China's highest yearly outputs of major
industrial and agricultural products were 445,000
tons of yarn, 2.79 billion meters of cloth, 61,880,000
tons of coal, 320,000 tons of crude oil, 6 billion kwh
of electric energy production, 150 million tons of
grain, and 849,000 tons of cotton. Since the founding
of New China, especially in the 21 years after the
start of the reform and opening to the outside world
in 1978, China has made great achievements in
economic construction and social development. In
1999, the GDP was 8,205.4 billion yuan, an increase
of 6.4 times over 1978, at constant prices; the
outputs of some major industrial and agricultural
products, such as grain, cotton, meat, edible oil, coal,
steel, cement, cloth and TV sets, leapt from a
backward position to first place in the world.
In accordance with Deng Xiaoping's theory of
building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the
13th National Congress of the CPC, held in 1987,
adopted the strategy of three stages for China's
economic construction: First, doubling the GNP of
1980 to end shortages of food and clothing, which
was basically completed at the end of the 1980s;
second, quadrupling the GNP of 1980 by the end of
the century, which was achieved in 1995, ahead of
schedule. Thus, the Chinese government worked out
the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and
Social Development and the Long-Term Objectives
for the Year 2010, which put forward new objectives:
Those for the Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000)
were as follows: Complete the second phase of the
strategic plan for the modernization drive in an
all-round way and quadruple the per capita GNP of
1980 in 2000, when the population will have
increased by about 300 million over that of 1980;
raise the people's living standard to that of a fairly
comfortable life, with poverty practically eradicated;
and expedite the formulation of a modern enterprise
system and initially establish the basis of a socialist
market economy. Third, basically realizing
modernization in the mid 21st century, the GDP per
capita reaching the level of the moderately developed
countries, and people living a well-off life. The
objectives for the year 2010 are to double the GNP
of 2000 so that the people will enjoy even more
comfortable lives, and bring a more or less complete
socialist market economy into being. With the
fulfillment of these goals, China's productive forces,
overall national strength and the people's living
standards will have gone a big step further, and the
country's social and economic aspects will have
undergone historic changes, laying a solid foundation
for the realization of modernization.
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