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Nationalities
At present there are 54 different ethnic groups inhabiting Vietnam, in which Kinh (Viet) people make up nearly 90% of the
whole population, and 53 other ethnic groups represent over 10%.
Tay girl
The Vietnamese nation was formed through a process of two major ancient cultures, the Chinese and the Indian. Thus a
peculiar trait of Vietnam's culture was formed. As far as anthropology is concerned the Vietnamese people have their origin
in the Mongolid race, believed to be one of the major or races of the world and often found in northern and eastern Asia.
* 54 different ethnic groups inhabiting Vietnam can divide eight different groups by the Vietnamese language:
- The Viet - Muong Group includes 4 ethnic groups: Chut, Kinh, Muong, Tho.
- The Tay - Thai Group includes 8 ethnic groups: Bo Y, Giay, Lao, Lu, Nung, San Chay, Tay, Thai.
- The Mon - Khmer Group includes 21 ethnic groups: Ba Na, Brau, Bru-Van Kieu, Cho Ro, Co, Co Ho, Co Tu, Gie Trieng,
Hre, Khang, Khmer, Kho Mu, Ma, Mang, M'nong, O Du, Ro Mam, Ta Oi, Xinh Mun, Xo Dang, Xtieng.
Pa Then ethnic group
- The Mong - Dao Group includes 3 groups: Dao, Mong, Pa Then.
- The Kadai Group includes 4 ethnic groups: Co Lao, La Chi, La Ha, Pu Peo.
- The Nam Dao Group includes 5 ethnic groups: Cham, Chu Ru, Ede, Gia Rai, Raglai.
- The Han Group includes 3 ethnic groups: Hoa, Ngai, San Diu.
- The Tang Group includes 6 ethnic groups: Cong, Ha Nhi, La Hu, Lo Lo, Phu La, Si La.
In the core of the history of national development, all these groups of people have been closely attached to one another in
sharing the same tasks of fighting against foreign invaders, defending the country's territory, gaining the right to live and the
right to national independence and self-determination. Each group of ethnic people have developed their own language and
identity, thus making the Vietnamese culture, long known for its variety, a well blended combination of different cultures.
The bay itself has an area of 43,400 ha, consists of 775 islands, and forms a triangle with the island of Dau Go (Driftwood
Grotto) to the west, the lake of Ba Ham (Three Shelter Lake) to the south, and the island of Cong Tay to the east.
Viewed from above, Halong Bay resembles a geographic work of art. While exploring the bay, you feel lost in a legendary
world of stone islands. There is Man's Head Island, which resembles a man standing and looking towards the mainland.
Dragon Island looks like a dragon hovering above the turquoise water. La Vong Island resembles an old man fishing. There are
also the islands of the Sail, the Pair of Roosters, and the Incense Burner, which all astonishingly resemble their namesakes.
The forms of the islands change depending on the angle of the light and from where the islands are viewed. At the core of the
islands, there are wonderful caves and grottoes, such as Thien Cung (Heavenly Residence Grotto), Dau Go (Driftwood
Grotto), Sung Sot (Surprise Grotto), and Tam Cung (Three Palace Grotto).
Halong Bay has many links to the history of Vietnam. For example, there are such famous geographical sites as Van Don
(site of an ancient commercial port), Poem Mountain (with engravings of many poems about emperors and other famous
historical figures), and Bach Dang River (the location of two fierce naval battles fought against foreign aggressors).




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